GETTYSBURG I^ATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION 



ANNUAL REPORTS 



SECEETAEY OF WAR 



1893 1891: 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 



WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1900 



^ -GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARV PARK OOJlMISSIOiX 



¥^Y 



ANNUAL REPORTS 



SECEETAKY OF WAR 



1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 



WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OS'BlcJiJ' 

19 • : : :. 



.U58 



Smithsonian. 
17 0*00 



D. nf D. 



SECRETARIES OF WAR 

Hon. Daniel S. Lamoxt 
Hon. Russell A. Alger 
Hon. Elihu Eoot 



UNITED STATES GETTYSBURG COMMISSION 

Lieut. Col. John P. Nicholson, Chainnan. 

Appointed May 25, 1893. 
Major William M. Robbins. 

Appointed March 18, 1894. 
Major Charles A. Richardson. 

Appointed April 25, 1895. 

John B. Bachelder, Esq. 

Appointed May 25, 1893. ■ 

Died December 22, 1894. 
Brig. Gen. VV. H. Forney. 

Appointed May 25, 1893. 

Died January 16, 1894. 

Bvt. Lieut. Col. E. B. Cope, Engineer. 

Mr. S. Augustine Hammond, Assistant Engineer. 

Mr. H. W. Mattern, Assistant Engineer and Draftsman. 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
(COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 189:]. 



Gettysburg, Pa., November 16, 1803. 

Sir: The commission was appointed May 25, 1893, by Secretary of 
War Daniel S. Lamont, and consisted of Lieut. Col. John P. Nichol- 
son, John 1j. Bachelder, esq., and Brig. Gen. W. II. Forney. 

The letter of instruction for the guidance of the commission was 
dated May 29, 1893, and the board assembled for organization May 
31, 1893. Present, Colonel Nicholson and Mr. Bachelder. General 
Forney absent, detained by sickness at his home. 

Upon organization the commission found important lines of battle 
occupied by an electric railway, the construction of which had begun 
early in April, 1893. After inspecting the road and the land over 
which it was constructed, on Jul}" 1 the full board assembled and 
selected Col. E. B. Cope as topographical engineer. He was appointed 
and the assistants selected, a room for the commission rented at Get- 
tysburg, and the survey of the field was at once commenced and has 
been daily continued. 

Tlie first work was to establish a meridian, which in all tliesurvej^s 
since the war had never been done. The datum point of reference 
was the center of the square in the tow"n of Gett^'sburg, and a meridian 
line was estalilished on the high ground of the Gettysburg Battlefield 
Memorial Association, near Hancock avenue. 

The north point of this line is near the monument of the One hun- 
dred and twenty-sixth New York Infantry, and the soutli point near 
the line of the Benner property. The line was subsequently extended 
south to the Tenth New York Infantiy Monument. 

The location of the town of Gettysburg, geographically, has been 
determined to be latitude 39° 49' 15" and longitude from Washington 
(f 14:' 0" west; the altitude above tide water at the Center Square, 
550 feet. 

Using this meridian as a base of operations, there has been run 
many miles of back-sight transit lines on various i^arts of the field. 

The commissioners completed the examination of the Seminary 
Ridge line on August 3, from the Blocher property, on the Hagers- 
town road, south to and beyond the McMillan Woods, and decided to 
survey a preliminary line at once. The line begins at the Blocher 
Building and runs south to the Emmitsburg road at the James Felix 
property and traverses the line that was taken up and occupied by the 
Confederate army during the greater i^art of the second and tliird 
days' battle and affords a view of the entire line from the cemetery to 
Round Top. It has since been surveyed and extended to the Ridge 
road, 4,500 feet south. 

Upon tliis avenue, and in rear of it, there remain many traces of 
the Confederate breastworks, and in all cases where stone walls were 

5 



6 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

remainini!: that wore known to havo boon used for dofonsivo purposes, 
they Avere included within the avenue. 

At tlie norlli side of this aA'enne is a. piece of timber conlaininii" 
about 4 acres, wiiere the Confederate artillery Avas jjosted, which is 
included in the survey; also the Spauii'ler Woods, in which arc reuiains 
of breast Avorks, containiui*' about :2."> acres, situated near the middle 
of the avenue, Avas surveyed aud computed. All the Avork Avas con- 
n<H'ted Avith the nuu-idian by the Emmitsbur.u" road. 

On .Vuii'ust ]4 a Confedei-ate aA'cnue Avas surveyed, Avhich Avas tem- 
porarily named the "Outside AVheatlield aA'enue," beginnin.u' at the 
Emnutsburii' road, SOO feet soutlnvest of the crossroads at the Peach 
Orchard, runuiuii" easterly to the lands of the JNIenuu-ial .Vssociatiou, 
thence in a southeasterly direction by the lands of the Memorial xVsso- 
ciation, and terminating' on a AA'est line of the CraAvford tract, near 
Devil's Den. 

On August Hi aud 17 the CraAvl'ord tract Avas surveyed and fouml 
to ccmtain about 47 acres, Avhich Avas nuipped in connection Avith the 
Tipton property aud lauds of the 31eui<)i'ial Association. 

On .Vugust IS a transit line Avas run froui the Emmitsburg road on 
the crossroad to II. Spaugler's Avoods, and thence to the Seminary 
llidgi' line. 

On August il- and ^ly tlu' surAcy Avas made on the line of the Memo- 
rial Association on Little Kound Top, aud also on the bcnindary lines 
of the Tipton property, iuchuled between the said association prop- 
erty and the CraAvford tract. 

On August 24 the lines of the Pfeffer, Benner, and Codori proper- 
ties AA'cre surveyed. This surA'ej^ AA'as completed September 10. 

On Septeuiber 11 surA'ey Avas made of a lot of gTound belonging to 
Chai'les Starner on the Seminary Kiilge avenue line, Avith a view to 
purchase the properly. 

On the 1-Mh and \'M\\ the properties of .lauies Eelix, at the end of 
the aAcnue on the Euimitsburg road, Avas surveyed and also tlie lines 
on the properties of .Mi-. Wolf and .Airs. Plank. These properties 
are connecting on the avenue line and reach from the Wheattield 
road to the Euimitsburg roail. 

On Sei)tember -0 a transit line Avas nmde at the intersection of Rey- 
nolds avenue aud C'hambcrsburg street in Oettysburg, Avhich Avas con- 
tinued out the Chambersburg pike to Willoughby Kun, and from near 
this point two aACuues Avere run on the east side of the stream, ending 
at the Springs Hotel bridge. The other one, beginning on the west 
side of tlie bridge and folloAving the right bank of Willoughby Kun, 
terminates in a public road that leads in a northwesterly direction to 
the llerr TaAcru road. 

On September -\ to _;> tlu^ preliminary line for another aA'enne AA^as 
surA'eyed. It begins at a point on tlu> Chambersl)urg i)ike 880 feet 
Avest of Willoughby Kun bridge, crossing the Springs Hotel property 
in a southerly direction, and ends at the HagerstoAvn road. This line 
was prolonged several miles to a previously located conuecting point 
on the Seminary Jxidge line. 

On September ■_'."> commenced a transit line upon lieynolds and 
Kuford avenues to the line of timber beyond the 5lumiuasburg road 
on the property of John Forney. Here Ave began a line for another 
aA^enue in an easterly general direction to the Carlisle road; thence 
continuing through property of the l^locher heirs and across Koek 
Creek; then in a southeasterly general direction to tlie Harrisburg 
road at the J. r>enner House, continuing the line in the same general 



GETTYSBTTRG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 7 

diivctiou across the AVesteni ^Maryland Railroad and Yoi-k pike to 
the suiiuuit of Beuners Uidi;e. From this point there was run a straight 
line to Benuers Hill, and there the survey was temporarily suspended. 

On September 28 began a careful survey of the field in the vicinity 
of the Springs Hotel, the object of which was to map that territory to 
tlie minutest detail, showing also all the projected Confederate ave- 
nues. The survey embraces an area of about ItV square miles. It has 
been carefully mapped, traced, and bluci printed. This survey and 
the ottice work necessary to complete the map occupied the attention 
of the engineer corps until October 10. 

On October 11 there was run a line from the point in the center of 
the square of the town by the Hanover road to a point connecting 
our line on Beuners Hill, and also triangulated to the same i)oint from 
East Cemetery Hill. 

The engineer corps is now at work oii a detailed sui-vey of East 
Cemetei-yand Culps Hill and the ground to the east and other adjoin- 
ing lands. 

On August 28 the commissioners addressed a pi'oposilion to the 
attorneys representing heirs of the estate of General Crawford to 
purchase the land known as the Crawford tract for #700. The prop- 
osition Avas accepted after approval by the Secretary of War, and the 
deeds are now being executed. 

On September 18 the commissioners purchased from Mr. Chai-les 
Starner 5. 20 acres of land, at $oO per acre. The purchase Avas ratified 
by the Secretary of War, and the deed is now being executed. 

On August 23 an excursion i>arty from Winchester, Ya., many of 
whom (vetei'ans of the Stonewall lirigade) had been at the battle, 
visited (Gettysburg. They went over the field in company with the 
commissioners (Mr. Bachelder and General Forney havi)ig gone to 
Hagerstown, Md., to meet them) and marked a number of positions 
of the respective commands of the Confederate army on Gulps Hill 
and elsewhere, and returned to theii' homes in the evening. They 
seemed deeply impressed with the importance of this work and enthu- 
siastic in their assurance of cooi^e ration from the Confederate veterans. 

A summary of tlie field Avork of the engineer corps under the 
direction of the commission shows the following: 

Twenty-seven miles of public roads have been run and a ijreliminary 
survey of 20 miles of avenues and proposed avenues was made, and 
24 miles of property lines. As the work of constructing the avenues 
progresses other surveys will be necessary. The work Jias been 
plotted on a scale of 1 inch to 500 feet and i-educed to one-half that 
size. Part of tlie work has been enlarged to 1 inch to 400 feet, and 
also 1 inch to 200 feet, which is the scale of the large Warren map, 12 
feet square. 

A large portion of the work has been traced and l)luc printed. 

The commission has not thought it wise to open avenues until such 
times as land can be j^urcliased at reasonable prices. This, it is 
believed, may be accomplished by watching the opportunity to buy 
odd lots which will be needed in open market at popular rates, by 
which plan the commission will not onl}- secure lands desired, but a 
pi-ecedent Avill be established for the use of the court should the 
necessity for condemnation in-oceedings arise. 

By the opening of spring the commission will be in condition to 
commence the construction of avenues and the locating on them of 
tablets nuirking the positions of troops. 

Various communications, copies of which wen' promptly trans- 



8 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

mitted to the Secretary of War, passed between the eoirimissioners 
aud the president of tlie electric railway, Mr. Iloffer. The position 
assumed by the commission, under the guidance of the Secretary 
of War, resulted in a suspension of the work upon the electric road 
at the parts the occupation of which had been objected to by the 
representatives of the Secretary of War. While all has not been 
accomplished that the commissioners desired in this connection, tliej" 
feel justified in expressing the opinion that the road will eventually 
be removed from historic localities, at a small expense to the Govern- 
ment. 

The hearty sj^mpathy and cooperation of the Secretary of War in the 
efforts of the commission to remove the electric road from the occu- 
pation of tlie prominent parts of the battlefield has been a source of 
great satisfaction, and the board can not refrain from the mention of 
this fact. 

The work of the commission has been hampered by the expecta- 
tions of numerous people representing various interests, in their 
demands for high prices for land. Tims far their efforts have been 
unsuccessful, as shown by this repcn-t. 

RECOMMENDATIONS. 

For the purpose of purchasing lands for avenues and marking the 
positions of troops embraced by tlie recent surveys, for the construc- 
tion and fencing of the avenues, and for the manufacture of tablets 
and other markers to nuirk the positions of troops it is recommended 
that a sum not less than $50,000 be appropriated. 

John P. Nicholson, 
John 1>. Bachelder, 
W. H. Forney, 

Commissioners. 
Tlio Secretary of War. 



BLUR PRINTS ACCOMPANYING REPORT. 

1.— Crawford property. 

2. — Pfeffer, Codori, Beniier, and adjoining properties. 

3.— Starner property. 

4. — Felix property. 

5.— Plank property. 

6. — Hancock avenue, etc. 

7.— Springs Hotel property, etc. 

8. — Codori property (part of). 

9. — Pfeffer property, 
10. — Benner property. 

11.— Memorial Association property (part of), 
12.— Gettysburg Electric Railroad Company (part of). 

13.— A map of the vicinity of Gettysburg, showing the work of engineer corps 
■of the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Conmiission from July 26 to Novem- 
ber 1, 1893. 

14. —Map showing the avenues secured, upon which are located the brigades of 
infantry and battalions of artillery engaged in the battle of Gettysburg. 



ANNUAL liEPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF ^VAR, 1894. 



War Department, 
Gettysburg Battlefield Commission, 

Gettysburg, Pa., November 12, 189Jf. 

Sir: The commission have the honor to submit their second an- 
nual report from October, 1893, to November 12, 1894. The lilue 
prints taken from maps of original work projected by this commis- 
sion, surveyed and completed and which ai-e numerous, will be bound 
together and transmitted to tlie Secretary of W^ar. 

It is the policy of the commission to make the report one of prog- 
ress. 

From the date of tlie last report field work w^as continued until the 
beginning of snow, and also at intervals through the winter. Active 
operations in the field were resumed in Marcli and have been con- 
tinued to this date. 

The work of the engineer department of the commission lias been 
pei'formed with great fidelity under the guidance of Bvt. Lieut. 
Col. E. B. Cope and Mr. S. A. Hammond, his able assistant, and in- 
cludes a large amount of surveying and mapping of tracts of land 
for avenues, laying out, leveling, cross-sectioning, preparing maps 
and specifications of the avenues proposed and j^rojected and sections 
of avenues for tlie use of contractors. 

Attention has been given to survej^s to harmonize conflicting prop- 
erty lines where the projierty liounded by one or more of such lines 
was about to be purchased for the United States; also careful sur- 
veys and maps of the present loop of the Gettysburg Electric Rail- 
road have been prejiared for the use of the VTOvernment. 

A scheme for the complete and exhaustive topographical study of 
the field was begun last year and has been kept in view and con- 
tinued whenever time and opportunity afforded, as follows: To make 
an accurate and complete instrumental survey of the entire battle- 
field, and to make it on a scale of 200 feet to the inch, consisting of 
25 sheets, 27 by 28^ inches, each representing a square of the iield 
5,400 feet wide east and west and 5,G60 feet north and south. 

This map is intended to show the streams, roads, buildings of everj' 
description, monuments and markers, avenues, timber, earthworks, 
stone walls, fence Hues, and rocks; all the undulations will be shown 
by contour lines for every 4 feet difference of level. Much of t his work 
actually done will appear by implication. Surveys have already been 
finished for three sheets. The proper mapping of the balance of the 
field work will engage the attention of the corps during the inchMuent 
winter weather. The oflice has also included bnsides original work 

9 



10 GETTYSBURG :NATI0NAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

copies of the large Warren map. Diii-ing tlie past year a number of 
positions of troops have been marked by visitors to the field who were 
soldiers and took part in tlie battle, and where tliese positions were 
reliable they were located upon our base map. 

On August 11 General Lewis, Colonel Tate, and Colonel Keenan, of 
North Carolina, visited the battlefield and located the position of 
many of the North Carolina troops. Gen. II. Ileth, late of the Con- 
federate States Army and of the Antietani Battlefield Commission, 
visited the field and located the position of the two batteries of his 
command from whicli the first shots were fired and tliat opened the 
battle upon the Confederate line. 

On October 30 a committee of the Seventh West Virginia Infantry 
located ilieir battle line on the Pfeffer property, near Ziegler's Grove. 

It is the intention of the board of commissioners to address a com- 
munication to the governoi'of all the States, requesting them to name 
representatives of the organizations that were present, for tlie pur- 
pose of locating every movement made by troops during the battle. 

One principal Confederate avenue has been decided uijon. It reaches 
from the Ilagerstown road to a point 2,470 feet beyond the Emmits- 
burg road, upon the ridge occupied bj' the main line of the Confeder- 
ate army during the 2d and od of Jnly, ISGo. It has been divided 
into five sections. Section 4 is under contract and will be completed 
this early winter. Section 5 is also under contract. 

It was found from the surveys made that an avenue 500 feet wide 
would include all the Confederate earthworks from the Ilagerstown 
road to the Codori line, a distance of o,500 feet. From this line south 
to the Wheatfield road an avenue 150 feet wide would embrace the 
principal works, except those that were located in Spanglers Woods. 
This part of the avenue would be 9,!)ol feet long, and the avenue 
between the extreme points named would contain 74 acres of ground. 
A calculation of the area of the avenue for different widths between 
the extreme points is as follows : 

Acres. 

60 feet wide, 18.341 feet long 18i 

100 feet wide, 13,341 feet long 31 " 

150 feet wide, 13.341 feet long 46^ 

The principal avenue has been divided into five sections: 

Section 1, from Blocher's house to the Codoi-i line, 3,700 feet. 

Section 2, from Codori line to Spanglers Run, 3,700 feet. 

Section 3, from Spanglers Run to Wheatfield road, 4,800 feet. 

Section 4, from Wheatfield road to Emmitsburg road, 3,700 feet. 

Section 5, from Emmitsburg roaa to present end of avenue, 2,470 
feet. 

On April 11 drawings and specifications for bids on section 4 of 
avenue were furnished to the following contractors: L. E. JNIiller, 
Cape May, N. J. ; R. W. Johnson, Wayne, Pa. ; IVI. & T. E. Farrell, 
Westchester, Pa. ; Patricinus McManus, Philadelphia, Pa. ; James 
P. ]\Iangen, Gettysburg, Pa.; B. B. Gouder, Straushurg, Pa.; Pollard, 
Murtagh & Moore, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Wai'd tfe Strieker, Ilarrisburg-, 
Pa. ; Ilafer Brothers, Chambersburg, Pa. ; Owen Patterson, Baltimore, 
Md. ; Slayer & Boyer, Harrislnirg, Pa. 

From the 13th to the 21st of April a majority of those having 
received specifications for section 4 of the avenue visited Gettysburg* 
for the purpose of viewing the locality, and were taken over the 
ground, and on the 21st five bids were handed in, namely. Slayer & 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 11 

Boj'er, Harrisbnrg-, Pa.; B. ]>. Goiider, Straiisburg, Pa.; Farrell & 
Bro., Westchester. Pa.; Richard W. Johnson, Wayne, Pa., and P. 
McManus, Philadelphia, Pa. 

On October 1 two bids were received for the constrnction of section 
5 of avenue. These were opened on the 3d instant and considered by 
the commission. 

Daring the year the following properties have been purchased by 
direction of the Secretary of War: The Bushman tract or farm, the 
Crawford tract, the Charles Starner tract, the Felix tract, the Mrs. 
Plank tract. 

The Secretary of War has authorized the purchase of the McMillan 
tract and the Blocher tract. 

All efforts to induce the Gettysburg Electric Railroad to vacate the 
lines of battle in what is known as the Loop, the Devil's Den, and 
through the Valley of Death having failed, the commissioners 
requested the Secretary" of War to proceed to condemn. Proceed- 
ings were commenced in the United States circuit court at Philadel- 
phia. After various delays, on June 8, 1804, the Attorney-General 
of the United States directed proceedings to be commenced against 
the electric railway at Gettysburg, under the joint resolution of 
Congress. 

August 1, 1804, the first hearing before the jury in the trolley case 
was postponed at the request of the electric railroad until September 
11, 1894. On September 11, 1894, there was a second hearing before 
the jury at Gettysburg, and which was continued until September 15, 
1894, when they adjourned for argument in Philadelphia. The jury 
awarded the sum of -1.80,000 damages to the electric company. Upon 
November 12 the company appealed from this award as being inade- 
quate, and the commission will appeal, with the approval of the Sec- 
retary of War, upon the ground that the danmges are excessive and 
detrimental to the best interests of the United States. 

On Januar}^ 1(3, 1894, General Forney died at his home, Jackson- 
ville, Ala. Mai-ch, 1 894, Maj. William M. Robbins, of Statesville, N. C. , 
whose service upon the field was with the Fourth Alabama Infantry, 
was appointed by the Secretary of War to fill the vacancy occasioned 
by the death of General Forney. 

At the annual meeting of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso- 
ciation a resolution was unanimously adopted, authorizing the exec- 
utive committee to take the necessary measures to transfer the prop- 
erty of the association to the United States. 

The commission respectfully request that the following may be sub- 
mitted, with the approval of the Secretarj^ of War, for the guidance 
of the Congress : 

For continuing the work of surveying, locating, and preserving the 
lines of battle at Gettysburg, Pa., and for purchasing, opening, con- 
structing, and improving avenues along the portions occupied by the 
various commands of the armies of the Potomac and Northern Vir- 
ginia on that field, and for fencing the same; and for the purchase, 
a1- private sale or by condemnation, of such parcels of laud as the Sec- 
retary of War may deem necessary for the sites of tablets, and for 
the construction of the said avenues.; for determining the leading 
tactical positions and properly mai-king the same with tablets of bat- 
teries, regiments, brigades, divisions, corps, and other organizations 
with reference to the study and correct understanding of the battle, 
each tablet bearing a brief historical legend, compiled without praise 



12 GETTYSBUEa NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

and without censure, $50,000, to be expended under the direction of 
the Secretary of War. 

And the Secretary of War is hereby authorized to accept, on behalf 
of the United States, donations of land for road or other purposes. 

On November 3, 1893, the field was visited by the Secretary of War 
and Mrs. Lamont. On July 14 and 15, 1894, and again on August 14, 
15, and 16, the Assistant Secretary of War, Joseph B. Doe, visited 
the field. The great interest always manifested by the War Depart- 
ment in the work of preserving the great- battlefield of the war is 
extremely gratifying to the board. 
Respectfull}-, 

John P. Nicholson, 
Wm. M. Robbins, 

Commissioners. 
The Secretary of War. 



LIST OF BLUE PRINTS ACCOMPANYING THIS REPORT. 

15.— The Crawford property. 

16. — The Crawford pro]ierty. 

22. — New map of the field, central sheet. 

24. — Confederate avenue. 

25. — Confederate avenue, section 4. 

26. — John L. Sherfy tract. 

27. — William Martin tract. 

28. —Electric railroad tract. 

29.— J. O. Blocher tract. 

30. — Israel,Grenoble tract. 

31. — Land company tract. No. 1. 

32.— S. J. Drum tract. 

33.— O. D. McMillan tract. 

34. — Land company tract, No. 2. 

35. — Barrett, heirs, tract. 

30. — Electric railroad tract. 

37.— R. E. Wible tract. 

38.— George Wolf tract. 

39.— John L. Sherfy tract. 

40.— N. Flaharty tract. 

41.— W. Martin tract. 

42. — G. Spangler tract. No. 1. 

43. — Land company tract. No. 4. 

44.— G. Spangler tract, No. 2. 

45. — S. J. Codori tract. 

46. — Land company tract, No. 3. 

47. — Confederate avenue, section 5. 

48. — Plank and other properties. 

50. — Positions of Confederate artillery. 

51. — Positions of Confederate artillery. 

52. — Electric railroad tract. 

52A. — Electric railroad tract. 

52B. — Electric railroad tract. 

53. — Electric railroad loop. 

53A.— Electric railroad loop. 

54. — A tract of land for the Buford statue. 

55. — The site for the Reynolds monument. 

56. — Property lines between Starner, Plank, and Wible. 

57.— Mrs. J. E. Plank tract. 

58. — Detail drawings of gun carriages. 

59.— Drawings of mounted gnn. 

60. — John L. Sherfy tract. 

61. — A survey of the Wible farm. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 13 

63.— James Felix tract. 

63. — George Wolf tract. 

64.— O. D. McMillan tract. 

65.— S. J. Drum tract. 

66. — New map of the field, Peach Orchard sheet. 

67.— New map of the field, Round Top sheet. 

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 

Laying foundation stone on section 4 , Confederate avenue. 
Cross section foundation pavement, section 4, Confederate avenue. 
Putting U-inch stone on section 4, Confederate avenue. 
Section 4, Confederate avenue, from Emmitsburg road. 
Grading section 5, Confederate avenue, Emmitsburg road. 
Grading on section 5, Confederate avenue. 



ANNIUL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1895. 



War Department, Gettysburg National Park, 

CMfysburg, Pa., October 35, 1S95. 
Sir: The Gettj^sburg National Park Commission respeetfnUy sub- 
mit tlie followinii: r.tatement of the progress and' present condition of 
the work: 

MILITARY AVENUES. 

Ar tlie date when our report as the Battlefiekl Commission was 
made hist year the only roadway in process of construction was sec- 
tion 4 of the Confederate avenue, from the Wheatfield road to the 
Emmitsburg road along Seminary Ridge. During tlie present year 
there have been constructed sections 5, 0, and 7 of Confederate ave- 
nue extending south from the Emmitsburg road to the southern limits 
of the battlefield, thence eastward crossing Plum Run, and up along 
the west sh)pe of Round Top to Kilpatrick avenue; also an avenue 
known as United States avenue from the Emmitsburg road eastward 
via the Trostle House to Hancock avenue. There is now being con- 
structed what is known as Seminary avenue, running south from the 
Chambersburg pike along Seminary Ridge to some distance beyond 
the Ilagerstown road, and as soon as the right of way can be secured 
this avenue will Ije extended along said ridge to the WliCatfield road 
and connect with section 4 of C'onfederate avenue, long since com- 
pleted. Hancock avenue, which runs from the national cemetery 
gate southward along the main Union line of battle to the end of 
United States avenue, is now being converted into a Telford road 25 
feet wide, with two side loops 20 feet wide reaching out to interesting 
localities. 

An avenue is also undtn- contract running from the Wheatfield road 
soutli on the bt)rder of the Valley of Death to the Devil's Den, and 
thence around and following the line of battle of the Third Corps to 
the Crawford land line. 

All these avenues ]iav(^ been and are being constructed on the Tel- 
ford system, whicli was a(k)pted after full consideration and study of 
the subject as promising the best results in solidity and durabilitj\ 
The stone used is syenitic granite and ironstone, very hard and of excel- 
lent quality. A foundation pavement is laid of S-inch wedgelike stones 
set on edge and Avell knapped and chinked; on this 4 inches of stone 
14^ inches in size; then a slight layer of clay as a binder, and finally a 
top dressing of 1 or 2 inches of quarter-inch stone screenings; the 
whole rolled thoronghlj^ with a steam roller weighing, 14 tons; side and 
under drains are placed where needed. The results of the above 
method and process are roadwaj-s smooth and solid and which will 
last for generations. 

15 



1() GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

BRIDGES. 

Two bridges have been built, over Phim Run, one on United States 
avenue, tlie othei- on section 7, Confederate avenue. They are mas- 
sively built of Getty sbui'g granite, the foundations deep, the super- 
structure of steel G-inch I bai-s weighing 15 pounds per foot, the road- 
way 22 feet wide of o-inch oak plank, cap stones on the abutments, 
and railings of iron. 

STEEL TOWERS. 

Four steel towers, to l)e constructed upon a design prepared by the 
engineer, Col. E. B. Cope, and approved by the commission, have been 
contracted for and are now being erected b}' the A^ai'iety Iron Works, 
of Cleveland, Ohio. No. 1 is GO feet high and stands on the summit 
of Big Round Top; No. 2 is 75 feet high, on Seminary Ridge, near the 
Wheattield road; No. 3, 75 feet high, is on Seminary Ridge, near the 
Mummasl)ui'g road, and overlooks specially the scene of tlie first day's 
fight; No. 4, GO feet high, is on the summit of Culps Hill. Nos. 1 and 2 
are nearly finished, and all four will be completed within a month. 

FENCING. 

Besides a large amount of stone fencing repaired and rebuilt along 
battle lines of l)oth arnnes as it stood at tlie time of the battle, the 
commission are having constructed a fence along the completed ave- 
nues wherever needed, with gales at proper locations. This fence is 
composed of round locust posts, iron capped, Avitli four galvanized 
1-inch gas pipes for the railings, Avith two No. 8 galvanized wires in the 
lower intervals. 'J'he whole is over 44 feet high, Acrj^ strong and 
handsome. 

GUN CARRIAGES. 

The volunteer batteries of the Union Ai-my on the grounds of the 
Memorial Association are generally representetl by one gun and 
mounted upon inferior carriages. This commission resolved to sub- 
stitute an improved iron gun carriage. Sixty-two new cari-iages have 
been contracted for. Of these about 3G have been furnished by the. 
contractor and placed on the field and mounted with the kind of gun 
used by each battery, respectively, in the battle. The others will be 
put in i)Osition as soon as sujjplied by the contractor. Excellent 
granite foundation stones support each carriage. The following have 
already been placed on the Union lines, viz: 

One carriage and 10-pound Parrott (Knap's Battery), Culps Hill. 

One carriage, Napoleon gun. on Barlows Knoll. 

Three carriages and 10 pt)und Parrotts on Little Round Top. 

Six carriages and 3-inch rlHes (Rickettss Battery), on East Cemetery Hill, 

Three carriages and Napoleon guns (Stewert's Batter}'), on East Cemetery Hill. 

Three carriages and 3-inch rifles (right of Ricketts's Battery), on East Cemetery 
Hill. 

■ Three carriages and 3- inch rifles ( Wiedrich's New York Batterv) , on East Ceme- 
tery Hill. 

All of these guns on East Cemetery Hill occu]\v redoubts used by 
said batteries in the battle. 

On the Confederate lines the following have l)een placed lo mark 
positions of batteries, viz: 

One carriage and Confederate Napoleon gun (Taylor's Battery), section 4, Con- 
federate avenue. 

One carriage and 3- inch rifle (Parkers Battery), section 4, Confederate avenue. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK CONMISSION. 17 

One carriage and ;5-inch rifle (Jordan's Battery), section 4. Confederate avenne. 

Two carriages and I'O-pound Parrotts (Woolfolk's Battery), section 4, Confed- 
erate avenne. 

(The above belonged to Alexander's Battalion,) 

One carriage and howitzer (section Carlton's Battery), section 4, Confederate 
avenue. 

One carriage and o-inch rifle ( Manly "s North Carolina Battery), section 4, Con- 
federate avenue. 

One carriage and 10-pound Parrott (section Carlton's Battery), section 4, Con- 
federate avenue. 

One carriage and 10-pound Parrott (McCarthy's Battery) , section 4, Confederate 
avenue. 

One carriage and o-inch rifle (Frazers Batterj-), section 4, Confederate avenue. 

(These belonged to Caliells Battalion.) 

One carriage and Napoleon gun (Latham s North Carolina Battery), section 5, 
Confederate avenue. 

One carriage and Napo.eon gun (Garden's South Carohna Battery), section 5, 
Confederate avenue. 

One carriage and 10-pound Parrott (Bachman's South Carolina Battery), section 
5, Confederate avenue. 

One carriage and Napoleon gun (section Eeilly's North Carolina Battery), sec- 
tion T), Confederate avenue. 

Two carriages and o-inch rifles (section Reillys North Carolina Battery), sec- 
tion ti. Confederate avenue. 

( These belonged to Henry's Battalion. ) 

POSITIONS AND MOVEMENTS OF TROOPS. 

The position and evolutions of the varions eoinniands of the Union 
Army weve mostly determined and marked by the ^Memorial Associa- 
tion. But those of the Confederate army remained for the commis- 
sion to ascertain and locate, Mnch attention has been given to this. 
Snrviving Confederate officers and soldiers have been invited to visit 
the field; also the anthorities of the Southern States have been re- 
quested to send commissioners representing Confederate commands to 
point out positions. The responses from the South to these invitations 
and requests have been very encouraging, and the commission have had 
the aid of nianj^ Confederate soldiers of intelligence, some of high rank, 
in fixing positions and movements of Confederate troops. Additions 
to our information on these points are being constantly made. All 
positions ascertained are, of course, carefully noted on our topograph- 
ical maps, as well as upoii the field, so that they can not be lost. With- 
out going into particulars, the commission feel sure that they will be 
able within a reasonable period to determine and mark with very great 
accuracy the positions and evolutions of all the various commands of 
the Confederate army on this field. 

THE commission's NEW MAP OF THE BATTLEFIELD. 

Owing to numerous and important engineering operations for the 
construction of avenues, bridges, towers, etc., for determining the 
l)oundaries of properties and office work for the immediate use of 
the commission, the engineer corps have been unable to complete 
their battlefield survey and map projected to show every detail of the 
field, for which a large amount of data has already been collected. 
They hope to be able ere long to bring this work to completion. The 
sheets already comi^leted have been found to be of much value for 
reference and are in constant requisition. The commission will not 
now attempt to specify in detail all the work of the engineer. Col. 
G89A 2 



18 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

E. B. Cope, and his assistants, bnt the same has been very extensive 
and varied and in the highest degree satisfactory. 
Respectfully submitted. 

John P. Nicholson, 
Wm. M. Robbins, 
C. A. Richardson, 
The Secretary of War. Cuiniiiissioners. 



BLUE-PRINT MAPS ACCOMPAXYINU THE REPORT. 

68. — United States corner stone. 

69. — Regimental tablets. 

70.— Tract of Henry Spangler. 

7L— Tract of J. L. Sherfv. 

72.— Tract of W. H. Martin. 

73. — Section 6, Confederate avenue. 

74.— Section 7, Confederate avenue. 

75. — Codori Grove. 

76.— College lane. 

77.— Tract No. 8. J. L. Sherfy. 

78.— Sections 1, 3, and 3, Confederate avenue. 

79.— A public road. 

80. — United States Regular avenue. 

81.— Tract of Maria Sliultz. 

82.— Plan of bridge. 

83.— Plan of 75-foot tow^er. 

84.— Tract of S. J. Drum. 

85.— Drawing of 60-foot tower. 

86.— 14.2 miles of public roads. 

87.— Tract of William H. Tipton. 

88. — Tract No 5. land companj'. 

89. — Tract No. 1, land company. 

90. — Tract No. 2. land company. 

9i.— Tract No. 3, J. L. Sherfy. 

92.— Tract of Martin Winter. 

93.— Tract of H. C. Parsons. 

94.— Tract of Robert Slieads. 

95.— Tract of C. F. Starner. 

96.— Perspective view of tower. 

97.— Tract of the Twenty- first Cavalry. 

98. — Seminar}' lane. 

99. — Drawing of 75-foot tower, 
loo.— Seminary lane, 
lot.- Plan of gate. 
102. — Plan of fence. 
l03. — Centerpiece of gate. 
104.— Plan of gate. 
105. — Plan of gate. 

106.— Tract of land of Fifth New Jersey. 
107. — Tract of land of Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania. 
108.— Tract of land of Sixth Pennsylvania. 
109. — Tract of land of Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania. 
llO.— Tract of land of Knap's Battery. 
111.— Tract of land of Tenth Maine. 

112. — Tract of land of One hundred and thirty-sixth New Y^ork. 
Il3.— Tract of land of First New York Artillery. 
114. — Tract of land of Seventy-seventh New Y^ork. 
115.— Tract of land of Fiftv-fifth New Y^ork. 
116.— Tract of land of Fourth Ohio. 

117.— Tract of land of One hundred and twentv-fifth New Y'ork. 
lis. —Tract of I and of Third New Y^ork. 
119.— Tract of land of First New Jersey Cavalry. 

120. — Tract of land of Third Pennsvlvania Battery. 

121.— Tract of land of Tenth New York Cavalry. 

122. — Tract of land of Fourth New Jersey, marker. 

123.— Tract of land of One hundred and hfty-third Pennsylvania. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITAKY PARK COMMISSION 19 

124, — Tract of land of Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry. 

135.— Tract of land of Eighth Ohio. 

126. — Tract of land of United States avenue. 

127.— Tract of land of United States avenue. 

128. — United States corner stone. 

129.— Sickles and Crawford avenues. 

130. — Hancock and Sedgwick avenues. 

131.— Foundation stones. 

132. — Seminary Lane avenue. 

13j>._FenceN(). 2. Gilbert. 

134. — Barn at headquarters. 

135. — Wire fence. 

13G.— Wire fence. 

137.— Tract of C. Gilbert. 

13S.— Tract of Maria Shultz. 

139.— Tract of Jacob Benner. 

140. — Tract of Seminary lane. 

141. — Drawing of gate and fence. 

142. — Drawing of shells used m the battle. 

143. — Drawing of 13-inch shells. 

144. — Tract of United States property. 

145. — Tract of James Felix, 

14G. — Tract of United States property. 

147.- Wilkeson's Batterv. 

148.— Train schedule. 

149. — Hancock avenue. 

150. — Tract of Bair and Gilbert. 

151.— Tract of Pfeffer. 

152.— Tract of Basil Biggs. 

15;'..— Tract of F. Pfeffer. 

154. —Tract of D. J. Benner. 

155. — Tract of L. Leister. 

IOC).— Tr.ict of B. Biggs. 

157. — Tract of L. Hummelbaugh. 

15N. — Tract of S. Codori. 

159.— Tract of W. Patterson. 

160.— Tract of G. Weikert. 

161.— Tract of P. D. Swisher. 

162.— Tract of J. Felix. 

163. — boundary lines borough of Gettysburg. 

164. — Tract of the Memorial Association. 

165. — Site of General Meade's statue. 

166. — Tract of the Memorial Association. 

167. — Tract of the Memorial Association. 

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 

Vi^w on section 7, Confederate avenue — the Devil's Slipper. 

Section 7, looking east, Round Top in the distance. 

Grading roadbed, section 1, Confederate avenue. 

Rolling subgrade, section 1, Confederate avenue. 

Foundation work of roadway on Seminary avenue, looking north. 

A view of Ricketts s Battery, F and G, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. East 

Cemetery Hill. 
First New York Light Battery I, East Cemetery Hill. 
Side view. Bridge No. 1. 

Perspective view of Bridge No. 1 on United States avenue. 
Stewart's battery. Fourth LTnited States, East Cemetery Hill. 
A view of Cooper's Battery, B, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. East Cemetery 

Hill. 
A section of Riley's Battery. C. S. A., on section (>, looldng toward Little Round 

Top. 
View on section 6. looking east. Round Top in the distance. 
Old cast-iron gun carriage, formerly used to mark the field. 
A view of avenue, section 5. looking north. 
A view of section 5, looking south. 
A view of Confederate avenue, section 7, looking south from near the entrance of 

Kilpatirick avenue. 
A view of Confederate avenue, section 7, looking north. 
A view of avenue, se^-tion 4, looking north, showing the fence constructed by the 

commission on one side and the stone wall rebuilt on the other. 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1896. 



War DEPART..IENT, 

Gettysburg National Park, 

Gettysburg, Pa., October 31, 1806. 

Sir:- The Gettysburg National Park Commission respectfully sub- 
mit the following report of the progress and present condition of the 
work : 

military avenues. 

Since our report of 1895 the Telford ■ road, known as Seminar}- aA^e- 
nue, and section 1 of Confederate avenue, running from the Chambers- 
burg pike southward along Seminar}^ Ridge as far as the Government 
at present owns the right of way there, has been completed; like- 
wise Hancock avenue, which runs from the national cemeterj^ gate 
southward along the main Union line of battle to the east end of 
United States avenue, and also Sickles avenue, which runs from the 
Emmitsburg road near the Rogers house southeastward, via the Loop 
and the Wheatfield, to the Devil's Den. Slocum avenue, which fol- 
lows the battle lines over Gulp's Hill, is in course of construction and 
nearly completed. The whole length of Telford avenues which have 
been constructed by our commission is 7^ miles. The United States 
avenue crosses the held perpendicularly from east to west between the 
Union and Confederate lines. All the others follow closely the 
respective lines of battle. Of the Confederate avenue which follows 
the Confederate line of battle along Seminary Ridge and thence to 
Round Top, sections 1, 4, 5, G, and 7, aggregating a distance of nearly 
3 miles, have been completed. Sections 3 and 3 of this Confederate 
avenue remain still unconstructed, solely because we have been unable 
to secure the right of way by purchase from the land owners. Pro- 
ceedings to condemn the needed lands were delayed on account of a 
ciuestion having been raised in a similar case of ours as to th^ right 
of the Government to condemn land for such purposes, which neces- 
sitated an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States. That 
court having adjudged such right to be constitutional, condemnation 
proceedings were at once instituted and are now pending in the cir- 
cuit court of the United States for the eastern district of Pennsyl- 
vania, and as soon as the right of way shall be thereby secured, sec- 
tions 2 and 3 of, the C-onfederate avenue will be promptly constructed. 

MARKING THE POSITIONS OP TROOPS. 

As the purpose of the National Government in taking charge of this 
field was not only to preserve its features as they existed at the time 
of battle and to make its many interesting points accessible by good 

- " 21 



22 «ETTYSI3UKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

roads, but also to liave the positions and evolutions of both the eon- 
tending armies earefnlly aseortained and suitably marked, and as 
tlie positions of most of the Union troops had bc;en previously nuirked 
b}^ monuments erected by different States at their own expense, under 
the supervision of the Getty sburg Battlefield Memorial Association, 
our attention has Ixhmi largely directed to what had been left mainl}^ 
undone, to \vi(, lixiui;' and markini;" the positions and movements of 
the Confederate troops and the iruited States liegulars. Since our 
last repoi't we have marked the positions of the four batteries of Mcin- 
tosh's Artillery liattalion on Seminary ]lidge alon;;' section 1 of the 
Confederate^ avenue, and we have placed an additional .yun, making 
two, to each of twelve batteries belonging to Alexander's, Cabell's, 
and Henry's Artilleiy JJattalions along sections 4, 5, and G, Confeder- 
ate avenue. Our plan is to mark tlie position of each battery by at 
least two guns like those which composed it and mounted on gun car- 
riages admirably reseinbling the usual wooden ones, but made of iron. 
Handsome tablets of iron, not only for each battery, but also for each 
command of infantry and cavalry, will stand along the main lines of 
battle, with brief inscriptions specifying the name of each command, 
its service in the battle, and referring to auxiliary and subordinate 
tablets so placed as to indicate successive movements during the con- 
flict. Much thought has been given to the pi'cparation of these tab- 
lets and their inscriptions for the Confederate commands, so as to 
ai'rive at the utmost possible historic accuracy with regard to each 
one as A<^ell as perfect consistency and fairness among them as a whole. 
This is a work requiring gi-eat deliberation and painstaking, but we 
hope to accomplish it satisfactorily. 

The placing of the Confederate tablets along the main lines can 
only be completed when we shall have acquired the needed lands and 
completed the construction of the Confederate avenues along those 
lines, which we are doing as fast as practicable. During the past 
year we have also replaced all of the old inferior gun carriages which 
were formerly used for the Union batteries with oiir new iron ones, 
constructed as aforesaid, and we have mounted many additional guns 
to mark the positions of Union batteries, among the more notable of 
Avhich are six 20-pounder Pai'rotts placed in the CitiziMi's Cemetery 
by leave of the proper authorities, to mark the positions of Taft's 
Battery. 

FENCING, ETC. 

In appi'opriate and needful places we have caused the avenues 
which haxc been made to be inclosed with the neat style of fence 
descril>ed in our last anniuil re])()rt, which, being made of iron-capped 
locust i)osts an<l four galvanized iron railings, is not only durable but 
is inconspicuous to the sight, and therefore does not mai* the view of 
the lield. AH stone fences and walls which existed at the time of the 
battle and which are u[)on ground owned by the United States we 
have caused to be restored and put in proper condition, as also such 
breastworks and other defenses as were erected by either army. We 
have also caused great numbers of trees to be planted, so as to restore 
the forest on grounds which have been denuded of trees since the 
battle. The hurricane of last month destroyed many hundreds of 
trees on the battletield, which we shall take measures to replace. 

OBSERVATORIES. 

Tlie four sleid towers which were in course of construction at the 
date t)f owY last report were completed soon thereafter. We have 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 23 

since caused another to be erected near the center of the field in 
Ziegler's Grove and not far from the point where the battle ended 
with the final grand lint nnsuccessfnl Confedei-ate assault of the third 
day. These are all solid and well-built structures, and, located as they 
are, they afford the observer a complete and satisfactoiy view of the 
entire scene of the great battle and enable him to get a consistent 
and accurate idea of it as a whole. 

We are happy to report that visitors in great numliers from all sec- 
tionsof our own country, as well as some fi'om abroad, are constantly 
thronging these historic grounds and tracing out the complicated 
phases of the titanic struggle, with many expressions of their satis- 
faction at the wise plans of the National Government for making it 
plain and easilj^ compi-ehended, and for preserving this field for the 
study of those who are to come after us. 

.John I*. Nichol8(jn, 
Wm. M. Uobbins, 
C. A. Richardson, 

Coniiii issioiK fs. 
The Secretary of War. 



LIST OF BLUE PRINTS TO ACCOMPANY COMMlSSIONKRs' REPORT. 

168. — A map showing the scene of Longstreef s final assaiilt on the Union lines at 
Gettysbnrg .Inly 3, 1863. 

109. — Plot of land for the Seventy-third New York monument. 

170. — Trail of gun carriage for 20-pounder Parrott ritte. 

171.— Gruns used in marking x)Ositions of batteries on the Gettysburg battletiekl. 

173. — Property of the United States formerly belonging to M. Bushman estate. 

t73. — Map showing location of trees, etc., in Ziegler's grove. 

174.— Plot of land T)eionging to the Gettysburg' Water Company on which is 
erected the Twenty-fifth and Seventy-fifth Ohio monuments. 

175.— Plot of ground belonging to the estate of Samuel A. Whitney on whicli is 
erected Halls Second Maine Battery monument. 

17G.— Plot of gi'ound beloTiging to the estate of Samuel A. Whitney on which is 
erected the One liundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania monument. 

177.— Tract of land belonging l,o the Gettyslmrg Battlefield Memorial Associa- 
tion. Conveyed by Henry and Annie Gulp. 

178. — Tract of land belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa- 
tion. Conveyed by Sanniel J:'ushman. 

179.— Plot of monument sites in Peach Orchard on the battlefield of Gettysburg. 

180.— Tract of land belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield "Memorial 
Association. Conveyed by Hart Gilbert. 

181.— Tract belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso- 
ciation. Conveyed by Levi Weikert. 

183.— Tract belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso- 
ciation. Conveyed by Emanuel Weikert. 

183.— Tract belonging- to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. ( 'on- 
veyed by Henry Welty. 

184. — Tract belonging to the (Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. ( on- 
veyed by Levi Plank. 

185. — Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association, i 'on- 
veyed by Emanuel Weikert. 

186. — Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Con- 
veyed by Francis A. Althoff. 

187. — Grate of inch pipe. 

188. — Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Con- 
veyed by John S. Forney. 

189. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conve3'ed 
by Gforge F. Basehoar. 

190. — A mounted Whitworth gun. 

191. — Tract belonging to John L. Sherfy on which is erected the First Vermont 
United States Sharpshooters monument. 



24 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 



192.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 
by J. S. Forney. 

193. —Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by Jeremiah Bender. 

194. —Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by J. S. Forney. 
19.J. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by J. A. Livers. 
19fi.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by David Wills. 
197. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by M. W. & J. W. Eicholtz. 
198. — Tract in Howard avenue taken from property of Alex. Spangler. 
19y.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Taken by 

condemnation proceedings from the poor directors of Adams County. 
200. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

l)y Leander Humelbaugh. 
201.— Tract of land conveyed by A. Spangler to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial 

Association. 
202. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

l)y Jacob Baker. 
203. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield ;Memovial Association. Conveyed 

by Alice Forney. 
204.— Tract belonging to Gettysbui-g Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by John Bender. 
205.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by David Blocher. 
203.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by David^Vills. 
207.- Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by E. Hanaway. 
208. —Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association, Conveyed 

by Hiigh Scott. 
209. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by E. Menchy. 
210.— Tracts belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by Samiiel A. Whitney. 
211.— Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed 

by E. McPherson and John Kuhn. 
212. — Plan and elevation of harness house. 
213. — Proposed flagstaff. 
214. — Round Top tracts conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa- 

lion to Ignited States of America. 
215. — Howard avenue tracts. 
21G. — Neill avenue, conveyed by the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association 

to United States. 
217. — Culps Hill tract, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association 

to United States of America. 
218. — Plan of Sickles avenue. 

219.— (3ak Ridge property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa- 
tion to United States of America. 
220.— Reynolds Woods and part of Reynolds avenue, conveyed by Gettysburg 

Battlefield Memorial Association to United States of America. 
221. — Reynolds avenue property No. 2. conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield 

Memorial Association to the L^nited States of America. 
222.— The Wheatfield and portion of Sickles avenue, conveyed by Gettys'ourg 

Battlefield Memorial Association to United States of America. 
223,— Buford avenue and a portion of Reynolds avenue, conveyed by the Gettys- 
burg Battlefield Memorial Association to the United States of America. 
224.— Hancock avenue, including George Weikert. L. Humelbaugh, and L. Leister 

properties, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association to 

LTnited States of America. 
225. — Althoff property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association 

to United States of America. 
226.— Property in borough of Gettysburg, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield 

Memorial Association to United States of America. 
227.— Smith ])roperty, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association 

to United States of America. 



GETTYSBUEG NATIONAL MILITAEY PARK COMMISSION. 25 

228. — Rose Grove, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association to 

United states of America. 
229. — East Cemetery Hill property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial 

Association to United States of America. 
230. — Cavalry avenue property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial 

Association to United States of America. 
231. — Plot of First New Jersey Battery A, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield 

Memorial Association to United States of America. 
232. — Plot of First Wisconsin monument. 

238.— Plot of One hundred and fourteenth and Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania. 
234, — One hundred and thirty-sixth New York monument jilot. 
28.-). — Sixth Pennsylvania monument plot, 
230.— First Maine Cavalry plot. 
237.— Randolph's Battery E plot. 

238. — Guns used lor marking position^ of batteries. No. 2. 
239. — Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania monument plot. 
240. — Twenty- sixth Emergency Regiment monument plot. 
241. — Fifteenth Massachusetts monument plot. 
242. — First United States Sharpshooter monument plot. 
243. — Seventy-third New York nionument plot. 
244. — One hundred and sixth Pennsylvania monument plot. 
245. — Sixty- tliird Pennsylvania monument plot. 
246. — Fifth New York Cavahy monument plot. 
247. — Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry monument plot. 
248. — Fu-st Massachusetts monument plot. 
249. — Twenty-seventh Indiana moniiment plot. 
250. -Tablet plot first shot fired. 

251. — A general map of all the lands of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso- 
ciation which have been conveyed to the United States of America. 
252. — Round Top Park property of Gettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad. 
253. — Plot of tract of land belonging to John L. Slierfy, known as the Peach 

Orchard. 
254.— Property of W. H. Tipton. 
255. — Tract of land from property of George F. Basehoar forming part of Buford 

avenue. 
25(i. — United States property on the Gettysburg battlefield. 
257. — Plan of Observation Tower No. 5. 
258. — Plot of tract of land belonging to Amos Leister. 
259. — Entrance to Slocum avenue, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial 

Association to United States of America. 
260. — Plan of dedication stand. 
261.— Map .showing the connections of the Gettysburg Electric Railroad on the 

Emmitsburg road. 
262. — Tract belonging to Gettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad Company. 
263. — Tracts of land belonging to William Patterson. 
261. — Tract of land belonging to Land and Improvement Companj'. 
26 ■. — Tract of land belonging to HenVy Spangler. 
266. — Tract belonging to John L. Sherfy. 
267. — Tract belonging to Warren W. Hafer. 

266. — Tract belonging to Land and Improvement Company on Seminary Ridge. 
269. — Map showing tracts of land required on Seminary Ridge for the continued 

construction of Confederate avenue from Hagerstown road to Wheatfield 

road. 
270. — Plan of Slocum avenue. 
271. — Plan of Sedgwick avenue. 

272. — Cross section of Western Maryland Railroad cut. 
273.— Plan of barn on United States property (formerly Bushman). 
274. — Plan of Meade avenue. 
275. — Design for girder bridge. 

276. — Tract of land belonging to Florence and Georgianna Cunningham. 
277. — Tracings of the 200-footscale Warren map. accompanying the" report of 1896, 
278.— Title page. 
279.— Northwest corner. A-1. 
280.— Herr Tavern, A-2. 
281.— North Middle, A-3. 
282.— North Rock Creek, A-4. 
283.— Northeast corner, A-5. 
284. — South of northwest corner. B-1. 



26 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

285.— Medicinal Spring, B-i. 

28(3.— West Gettysburg, 6-8. 

287.— East Gettysburg, B-4. 

288. — Hanover road, B-5. 

289.— Black Horse Tavern, C-1. 

290.— Middle Willoughby Run, C-2. 

291. — Field of Lontjstreefs assault, C-8. 

292.— Culps Hill, C-4. 

298.— Wolf Hill, C-5. 

294.— Marsh Creek, D-1. 

29."). — Pitzer's Schoolhouse, D-2. 

29G.— Peach llrchard and Wheatfield, D-3. 

29?.— Power's Hill. D-4. 

298.— East Baltimore pike, D-.j. 

299. — Southwest corner, E-1. 

300. — South Eumiitsburg road, E-2. 

301.— The Round Tops and Devil's Den, E-3. 

302. — South Taney town road, E-4. 

303.— South Rock Creek, E-5. 

LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS' REPORT 

Confederate avenue, section 7, tower. 

Big Round Top. 

Entrance to Hancock avenue, Zeigler's Grove. 

Hancock avenue, soxith, toward Bryan House. 

Hancock avenue, tower. Bryan House. 

Hancock avenue, Eleventh New York Independent Battery. 

Hancock avenue, loop at the angle. 

Hancock avenue, north to high-water mar'.:. 

Hancock avenue at intersection of Pleasonton avenue. 

Intersection United Stati s avenue and Hancock avenue. 

United States avenue, from Trostle House. 

Entrance to Sickles avenue, Emmitsburg road. 

Crossing of United States and Sickles avenites. 

Sickles avenue, woods west of Wheatfield. 

Sickles avenue, aci'oss Wheatfield. 

Sickles avenue at Smith's Battery, Fourth New York. 

Sickles avenue west of Devil's Den. 

Tower. Confederate avenue, section 1. 

Entrance to Slocum avenue. 

Slocum avenue, Stevens Knoll. 

Stevens s Fifth Maine Battery, E, Slocum avenue. 

Slocum avenue— section of Stevens's Fifth Maine Battery. 

Slocum avenue at entrance to woods. Culps Hill. 

Tower and Kap s Battery. E. Pennsylvania L ght Artillery, summit of Culi)s Hill. 

Slocum avenue, graded roadbed. 

Slocum avenue, graded roadbed. 

Terminus of Slocum avenue, near Spanglers Spring. 

Reynolds (xrove after storm of September 30, 189(). 

Reynolds Grove after storm of September 30, 189!). 

Reynolds Grove alter storm of September 30, 189i). 

Big Round Top near tower, after storm of September 30, 1896. 

Big Round Top after storm of September 30, 1895. 

Big Round Top after storm of September 30, 1896. 

Little Round Top after storm of September 30, 1890. 

Little Round Top after storm of September 30, 1896. 

Grove south of Wheatfield after storm of September 30, 1896. 

Grove south of Wheatfield after storm of September 30, 1S96. 

Culps Hill near Seventieth and One hundred and second New York monument 

after storm of September 30, 1896. 
Culps Hill, Sixty-sixth Ohio monument after storm of September 30, 1896. 
Culps Hill near Knap's Battery after storm of September 30, 1896. 
Culps Hill after storm of September 30, 1896. 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1897. 



War Department, 
Gettysburg National Military Park, 

CMtyshnrg, Pa., October 35, 1S07. 
Sir: Tho Gettysburg National Park Commission respectfully sub- 
mit the following report of the progress and |3resent condition of their 
work, with some suggestions of their plans for the future: 

military avenues. 

Since the last report Slocum avenue, then under construction, has 
been completed. It leads from the Baltimore pike at the base of Ease 
Cemeter}^ Ilill over the summit of Culps Hill to its southeastern base 
at Spanglers Spring, closely following and marking the main battle 
line of the right wing of the Union Army. 

Sedgwick, Sykes, and Meade avenues have been surveyed, con- 
tracted for, and completed. Sedgwick avenue loads from the southern 
end of Hancock avenue to the northern base of Little Round Top, 
following the Sixth Corps line on that part of the field ; and Sykes 
avenue leads over the summit of Little Round Top, following the 
Fifth Corps line there, and continues on until it connects with the 
Confederate avenue, section 7, on the western slope of J3ig Round 
Top. Meade avenue leads from General Meade's headquarters on the 
Taneytown road to Hancock avenue, at the point where the Confed- 
erate assault of the third day culminated. 

That section of Crawford avenue which leads from Devil's Den north- 
ward through the Valley of Death to the Wheattleld road, including 
a bridge over Plum Run, is l)eing rapidly pushed and will be com- 
pleted before December 31, 1807. 

All these avenues, like those previously built by the commission on 
tins field, are constructed on the Telford system and are substantial 
and durable. Wherever along. their sides there are sloping banks, 
these are turfed or set with grass; the gutters are well paved with 
stones, and, wherever needful at short curves, low granite pillars, 
topped with 13-inch shells, have been set on the edge of the avenues 
to prevent careless driving off the roadway. 

Hancock avenue has been widened to 100 feet by pui'chasing tlie nec- 
essary ground on each side and erecting along its borders an excellent 
standard fence. 

Much yet remains to be done hci-e in the construction of avenues 
and roadways. Two miles of the Confederate avenue on Seminary 
Ridge, along the battle line of Hill's Corps on second and third days, 
have not yet been constructed because the Government did not possess 



28 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

the right of way. After diligent efforts to secure this b}^ purchase at 
reasonable figures from the land owners, but without success, proceed- 
ings for condemning the needed lands were begun in the circuit court 
of the United States for the eastern district of Pennsylvania and are 
still pending there. A jury of view was appointed, inspected the lands, 
heard testimony, and made report fixing prices for the lands; but the 
proprietors appealed, and the case stands for trial. It will doubtless 
be decided at the spring term, and Ave hope then to push that avenue 
to completion. It will connect the two j^arts of Confederate avenue 
already built at the northern and southern ends of Seminar^' Ridge 
and make a complete and splendid avenue along the whole front of 
Hill's and Longstreet's corps from the Chambersbui-g i^ike southward 
and eastward to the slopes of Round Top, a distance of over 5 miles. 
One or more bridges must be built along it over the streams which cut 
through the ridge. 

There is need for important improvements upon the avenues on the 
cavalry field o miles east of the town and for more substantial fencing 
about those avenues and grounds. Moreover, the Confederate posi- 
tions on that field are as j^et entirely unmarked, and the commission 
is anxious to have sufficient provision made to enable them at an earlj^ 
day to secure the needed lands, erect tablets, and mount batteries, so 
as to show the lines and evolutions of the Confederate forces there. 
Among the other avenues which are now but rough, narrow, and 
unsightlj- ways, scarcely passable, and need to be converted into Tel- 
ford roads, we may mention Wright avenue, leading from the gap 
between the Round Tops southeasterly across the Taney town road 
along the line of the left division of the Sixth Corps; Pleasanton ave- 
nue, from Hancock avenue eastward by the cavalry headciuarters to 
the Tancj^town road; and the return avenue on Culp's Hill, from 
Spangler's spring Avestward along the southern base of that hill, mark- 
ing the battle line where the Union forces formed in the early morning 
of Julj^ o and advanced for the recovery of their position captured by 
the Confederates the evening before. 

The Reynolds, Buford, and Howard avenues on the first day's field 
are dirt roads, located by the Memorial Association, and often in bad 
condition. They mark the lines of the First and Eleventh corps and 
of the Union cavalry, and greatly need to be improved, either on the 
Macadam or Telford plan, Jind a substantial bridge upon Rej'uolds 
avenue across the railroad cut, made historic by the conflict there, 
must be built soon, the old one constructed b}' the Memorial Associ- 
ation having become dangerous. 

There is urgent need for a new avenue leading from the southeastern 
base of Culp's Hill, across Rock Creek, to the extreme right flank of 
the ITnion and left flank of the Confederate forces, respectiA^ely, and 
this should be laid out Avith a A'ieAV t-o its extension to tlie caA^ahy 
field, whither a good road is much needed. 

The public roads Avithin the bounds of the park, radiating in cA^ery 
direction from the town, the substantial center of the battlefield, 
Avould serA'e as couA'^enient routes by Avhich to reach many interesting- 
parts of it if the,y Avei'e kept in good condition; but they are gener- 
ally in a A^ery unsatisfactory state and often AA'ell-uigh impassable. 

MARKING POSITIONS OF TROOPS. 

Under the superAision of the commission, the engineer, Lieut. Col. 
E. B. Cope, has noted on the field and marked upon the maps the 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 29 

positions of every command of both armies wliicli lias been a^uthen tie- 
ally fixed, and this embraces nearly all of them. The indication of 
all these positions by tablets and markers on the ground will proceed 
as rapidly as i:>racticable, having- in some cases to await the acquisi- 
tion of title to the land. 

During the year iron gun carriages have been i^rocured, of the 
excellent pattern adopted by the commission, and guns have been 
mounted upon them, marking the positions of 10 Union batteries in 
various parts of the field. Additional gun carriages are needed soon, 
to be used for mounting guns marking the positions of -12 Confederate 
batteries in addition to those of the Confederates which have already 
been mai'ked and heretofore reported. 

A monument to the Seventy-third New York Infantry, known as the 
"Fire Zouaves," was erected near Sickles avenue and the Peach 
Orchard, and dedicated Avith appropriate ceremonies in September. 

The monument of the First Minnesota Regiment, erected some years 
since, was dedicated, by the survivors of the regiment from that State, 
on July 2, 1807. 

The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Yeinnont regiments of Stannard's 
Brigade have recently sent committees here to fix the locations for 
the monuments which are to be erected to these commands. 

A commission from the State of Maine has recently verified the 
sites for tablets to be erected near Hancock avenue, showing the 
respective positions of the Third and Fourth Maine Regiments on the 
third day of the battle. 

We are glad to report that quite a number of Confederate veterans 
have visited here during the year for the purpose of viewing the 
battlefield and of locating and verifying the lines and positions of 
their commands. We interpret this as a favorable indication of grow- 
ing interest on the part of the Southern States and people in this field. 

in addition to the before-mentioned j)roceedings for condemning 
lands for the Confederate avenue on Seminary Ridge, there is also 
yet pending in the circuit court of the United States for the eastern 
district of Pennsylvania the proceeding' begun some time since for 
condemning part of the Gettysburg Electric Railroad line and remov- 
ing it from the military positions Avhich it defaces on the battlefield. 
This case will probably be concluded ere long, and the amount of com- 
pensation which ma}' be adjudged to said railroad company will then 
be pajable. The amount awarded by th(i jury of view was 130,000. 
This was appealed from by both sides. We trust the court's final 
judgment may reduce it. 

We will not encumber the report by attemi^tingto specify the details 
of our work, nor the many minor expenses, aggregating a very con- 
siderable sum, which are necessarilj' incident to the prosecution of so 
great a design as the establishment of the Gettysburg Ncitioual Mili- 
tary Park. 

Feeling sure that it would be wise to appropriate 6150,000 for this 
work for the next fiscal year, Ave respectfully recommend that amount. 

John P. Nicholson, 
Wm. M. Robbixs, 
C. A. Richardson, 

Cuvitnissioners. 

The Secretary op War. 



30 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

BLUE PRINTS SUBMITTED WITH THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSION. 

304. — Plan for piking the Tanej'town road from borough line to Meade headquar- 
ters i)roperty. 

305. — Tract of land belonging to Basil Biggs and wife. 

306. — Tract of land belonging to William Patterson and wife. 

307. — Tract of land. No. 3. belonging to William Patterson and wife. 

308. — Tract of land belonging to Calvin P. Krise. 

309. — Cross-^>ection of avenue of Antietam battlefield. 

310. — Plan of Sedgwick and Sykes avenues and portion of Kilpatrick avenue. 

311. — Map of United States national cemetry. showing the positions of batteries. 

312. — Gate, of inch pipe. 

313. — Fence, of inch pipe. 

314. — Plan of retaining wall along Sykes avenue. 

315. — Fence of steel tubing and steel wire cables. 

316. — Positions of the Thirteenth Vermont Regiment on the Gettsburg battlefield. 

317.— Plot of land belonging to Gettysburg Water Company, surrounding Twenty- 
fifth and Seventy-fifth Ohio monument. 

318. — Blocks in Hancock statue pedestal damaged bj' lightning July 7, 1897. 

319. — Map showing site of Seventy- third New York monument. 

320. — Plan to connect eijuestrian statue of General Hancock with the ground, to 
prevent injury from lightning. 

321. — Plan to connect equestrian statues with the ground, to prevent injury from 
lightning. 

322.— Culp's Hill. C-4. 

323. — Medicinal Springs. B-2. 

PHOTOGRAPHS SUBMITTED WITH REPORT OF THE COMMISSION. 

Entrance to East Cemetery Hill, showing General Hancock statue and walk. 

Paving in front of East Cemetery Hill. 

Entrance to Slocum avenue. 

Slocum avenue at Sixty-sixth Oh;o monument. 

Retaining wall along Slocum avenue. 

Retaining wall along Slocum avenue from One hundred and fiftieth New York 

monument. 
Slocum avenue from Second Marj'land C. S. A. 

Slocum avenue north from One hundred and twenty-third New York monument. 
Slocum avenue south from One hundred and twenty-third New York monviment. 
The walk through Ziegler"s Grove, looking north. 

The walk through Ziegler's Grove, showing Butler's Second United States Battery. 
Sedgwick avenue from intersection of United States avenue. 
Sedgwick avenue north. 

Sedgwick avenue north from Wheatfield road. 
Sykes avenue, north side Little Round Top. 

Retaining wall along Sykes avenue, north side Little Round Top. 
Sykes avenue, summit Little Round Top. 
Sykes avenue, summit Little Round Top. 
Building retaining wall, south side Little Round Top. 
Sykes avenue south along retaining wall. 
Rolling Sykes avenue between the Round Tops. 
Graded roadway, foot of Big Round Top. 
Laying foundation pavement, foot of Big Round Top. 
Hitching rail at Devil's Den. 

Hitching rail near Devil's Den, looking toward Little Round Top. 
Turnbull's F and K Third United States Battery, Emmitsburg road 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR, 1808. 



War Department, 
Gettysburg National Military Park, 

GeUyshurg, Pa., October i, 189S. 
Sir: The Gettysburg National Park Commission ]-espectfnll,y sub- 
mit the following report of the progress and condition of their work, 
with some suggestions on what they think necessary for its successful 
Ijrosecution in the future: 

MILITARY AYENUES. 

Since the last report Crawford avenue has been completed, leading 
northward from Devil's Den through the Valley of Death and across 
Plum Run to the Wheatfield road. The bridge over Plum Run was 
constructed in the same substantial style as the others which have 
been built on this field. 

The commission, having heretofore given attention to the roads and 
avenues of the park of the second and third days' liattlefield, have 
thought it wise this year to look after those on the first day's field, 
and have entered into contracts for the construction of Reynolds and 
IIoAvard avenues, which mark the lines, respectively, of the First and 
Eleventh Corps of the Union Armj' and are together nearly 3 miles 
long. Howard avenue is finished. It leads from the Ilarrisburg road, 
near Rock Creek, westward by Barlow's Knoll to tlie Mummasburg 
road; is 20 feet wide, and constructed on the Telford plan in the best 
manner, like all the avenues on this field. Reynolds avenue, which 
is in two sections, will be completed, it is hoped, earlj^ next spring. 

A number of other roads and avenues have been mentioned in 
previous reports as urgentLv needed to render accessible important 
and interesting sections of this great battlefield. The commissioners 
would have pushed them this year but for the lack of adequate means, 
and they will do so as soon as practicable. Among them are the 
avenues on the cavalry field and the road leading thither. 

The commission long since constructed Telford avenues along the 
Confederate battle line of the second and third daj's' fight on Semi- 
nary Ridge, on each extremity of said line, the left of Hill's Corps 
and the right of Longstreet's, aggregating over 3 miles in length. 
Between these two parts of Confederate avenue tliere is a gap of 2 
miles (long) along the left of Longstreet's Corps and the right of 
Hill's, across which the commission have been xqyj anxious to con- 
struct a link needed to connect the two extremities aforesaid and thus 
complete the Confederate avenue from the Chambersbui-g pike north- 
west of the town southward and eastward to Round Top, a distance 
of over 5 miles. 

31 



32 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

No part of this battlefield is more interesting than the part covered 
by that gap in the Confederate avenue. Not only did important 
movements of the second day's battle originate there, but it was tliere 
the Confederate column of the third day under Longstreet was formed 
and began its advance on tlmt final charge led by Pickett, so sublime 
in its daring and so tragic in its fate. 

There is no part of this battlefield so inaccessible as this. Encum- 
bered by bushes and briers and cross fences, with not even an open 
footpath over it, visitors here never see this ground because they can 
not reach it. 

The only reason tlie commission have not constructed the avenue 
over it is because the (Tovernment does not own the land, not having 
the right of way, and the owners of the land ask such exorbitant 
prices for it that the Secretary of War and tlie commission do not feel 
justified in paying them. More than two years ago the Secretary of 
War authorized and instructed the commission to begin a proceeding 
in the circuit court of the United States to condemn the lands needed 
for said avenue, together with some adjacent woodlands, which it was 
important to preserve, the whole area being 105 acres, and the said 
proceeding was begun at once and is still pending. A jury of view 
was appointed, inspected the lands, heard the testimony offered on 
both sides, and made an award that Avas liberal to the respondents, 
ranging from $4(5 to l?200 per acre, but they appealed to the court in 
term at Philadelphia and have since resorted to vexatious delays and 
continuances, so that the case is still pending and undetermined. Tims 
this important part of the Confederate lines is prevented from being 
opened and the military positions on it fixed and marked as intended 
by the Government. 

The commission wish to emphasize the fact that the main hindrance 
to marking Confederate lines and positions, not only on tlie grounds 
just above spoken of, but on almost all of tliis field, as was the inten- 
tion of Congress in establishing the Gettysburg National Park, is 
that the lands whereon said lines and positions are situated are not 
3'et owned by the United States. Prompt action by the courts in 
condemning the needed laiids when lield at exorbitant prices, and 
liberal aj^propriations by Congress for the purchase of lands which 
can be bought at reasonable rates, are the two main requisites for the 
realization of tlie patriotic purposes of the Government with reference 
to this battlefield. 

MARKING POSITIONS OP UNION TROOPS. 

The West Virginia commission have recently erected the folloAving: 
A granite monument to the Seventh West Virginia Infantry on East 
Cemeterj^ Hill, and three granite tablets marking temporary positions 
of this regiment on the field at different stages of the battle; a 
granite monument to the First West Virginia Artillery in the 
National Cemetery; a granite monument to the First West Virginia 
Cavalry on the Taneytown road south of General Meade's headquar- 
ters; a granite monument to the Third West Virginia Cavalry on 
Buford avenue. All these monuments were dedicated by appro- 
priate ceremonies on the 28th of September ultimo, attended b}^ the 
governor of that State and his staff with many other citizens, and by 
the Second Regiment West Virginia Infantrj' Volunteers, which 
marched here from Camp George G. Meade for that purpose. 

The Maine commission have also, since last report, erected stone 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMIISION. 33 

tablets on Hancock avenue, near the liigli-water mark, to show the 
position of the Third and Fourth Maine Infantry Regiments on the 
third day of the l)attle. 

The positions of the United States regular troops in this battle, 
consisting- of 11 regiments of infantry, 4 regiments of cavalry, and 22 
batteries of artillery, have been accurately located and are carefully 
noted on our maps, and also on the ground by markers, so that Avhen 
the Government shall take steps to erect monuments to these troops, 
which their gallant services here certainly entitle them to, there will 
be no difficulty in placing them, 

MARKING POSITIONS OF CONFEDERATE TROOPS, 

Handsome and durable iron tablets with approi^riate inscriptions 
are now being erected on substantial iron pillars, designating and 
briefly describing the services rendered by each of the following Con- 
federate batteries, the respective positions of which have been marked 
for some time by mounted guns of like class and caliber as those of 
which each battery was composed, viz: 

Taylor's Virginia Battery, Woolf oik's Ashland (Va.) Artillery, Par- 
ker's Virginia Battery, and Jordan's Bedford (Va.) Artillery, of Alex- 
ander's Battalion. 

Manly 's North Carolina Artillery, Fraser's Pulaski (Ga.) Artillery, 
McCartliy's First Richmond Howitzers, and Carlton's Ti'oop (Ga.) 
Artiller3% of Cabell's Battalion, 

Bachman's German (S. C.) Artillery, Garden's Palmetto (S. C.) 
Light Artillerv, Latham's Branch (N. C.) Artillery, and Reilly's Rowan 
(X. C.) Artillery, of Henry's Battalion. 

Johnson's Virginia Batter}^, Rice's Danville (Va.) Artillerj", Hurt's 
Hard away (Ala.) Artillery, and Wallace's Second Rockbridge (Va.) 
Artillery, of Mcintosh's Battalion. 

Cunningham's Powhatan (Va.) Artillery, Watson's Second Rich- 
mond Howitzers, and Smith's Third Richmond Howitzers, of Dance's 
Battalion, 

The above are all the Confederate batteries which occui)ied posi- 
tions on ground of which the title has vet been acquired bv the Ignited 
States. 

Inscriptions are being prepared and tablets of iron similar to those 
mentioned above will shortly be erected to designate the positions and 
briefly describe the evolutions and achievements of the following Con- 
federate infantrj' commands, viz : 

Kershaw's Brigade of McLaws's Division, and each of its component 
regiments, the Second, Third, Seventh, Eighth, and Fifteenth South 
Carolina, and Third South Carolina Battalion. 

Semmes's Brigade of McLaws's Division, with its Tenth, Fiftieth, 
Fifty-first, and Fiftj^-third Georgia Regiments. 

Anderson's Brigade of Hood's Division, with its Seventh, Eighth, 
Ninth, Eleventh, and Fifty-ninth Georgia Regiments. 

Benning's Brigade of Hood's Division, with its Second, Fifteenth, 
Seventeenth, and Twentieth Georgia Regiments. 

Robertson's Brigade of Hood's Division, with its First, Fourth, and 
Fifth Texas and Third Arkansas Regiments. 

Law's Brigade of Hood's Division, with its Fourth, Fifteenth, Forty- 
fourth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Alabama Regiments. 

The method of marking the positions of troops on this field, as 
approved by the War Department, is to place the principal tablet oi: 

089a 3 

LofC. 



34 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITAKY PARK COMMISSION. 

inonument of each command at the position occupied by the command 
in the main line of battle, and to mark the several imjjortant posi- 
tions subsequently reached by each command in the course of the 
battle by subordinate and ancillarj^ tablets, with appropriate brief 
inscriptions giving interesting details and occui-rences and noting the 
day and hour as nearly as possible. 

The Confederate commands above mentioned are the only ones 
whose chief positions were upon ground now owned by the United 
States, and are, therefore, the only ones which can be marked until the 
Government shall acquire the lands on which they formed and fought. 

The commission are much gratified to notice an awakening of inter- 
est in influential quarters among the people of the Southern States 
concerning this battlefield and the importance of erecting monuments 
to commemorate the heroism of their soldiers here, as the people and 
States of the Kortli have done, and it is hoped that Congress will rec- 
ognize and foster this praiseworthy sentiment springing up in the 
South by liberal appropriations of the moneys needed to purchase and 
acquire title to the lands on which the Confederate troops operated 
and where their monuments must be placed. 

The commission will not encumber this report bj" going into the 
details of their work or attempting to specify the many minor expenses, 
amounting in the aggregate to a considerable sum, which are neces- 
sarily incident to theaccomplishment of so great a design as the estab- 
lishment of the Gettysburg National Park. They feel warranted in 
declaring that, though yet Incomplete, this is alreadj" the best marked 
battlefield in the wo'rld, and to all those who desire to understand the 
character and the extent of the work done, they say, "Come and see." 

While the commission are satisfied that they could judiciously and 
economically use in pushing this work during the next year a much 
larger sum, they hereby earnestly request and recommend tliat not 
less than 175,000 be appropriated. 

John P. Nicholson, 
Wm. M. Robbins, 
C. A. Richardson, 

Co})i}nissione7's. 

The Secretary of War. 



LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 

Howard avenrve, from Barlow's Knoll. 

Howard avenue, east from Carlisle road. 

Howard avenue, west from Carlisle road, showing shoulder stones. 

Howard avenue, east from Mummasburg road, ready for paving. 

Gen. John F. Reynolds statue, from the southwest. 

Spangler's Spring, foot of Culp"s Hill. 

Hitching rail, tilocum avenue, near Spangler's Spring. 

Guard rail on retaining wall, Slocum avenue. 

Hitching rail, Slocum avenue, summit of Culp's Hill. 

Style of stone wall rebuilt by the commission on Hancock avenue. 

Meade avenue, from Taneytown road. 

Style of gate adopted by the commission. 

Meade avenue, from near Hancock avenue, showing paved gutter. 

Sodded bank on Sedgwick avenue. 

Sodded bank on Sedgwick avenue near Wheatfield road. 

Guard rail on retaining wall, Little Round Top. 

Sodded bank, section G, Confederate avenue, 

Crawford avenue, from Wheatfield road. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 35 

Bridge on Crawford avenue over Plum Run. 

Crawford avenue, from Devil's Den. 

Guard chain and balls and paths at DevlFs Den. 

LIST OF BLUE PRINTS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 

3"24.— Ci'oss sections of the different avenues biiilt on the Gettysburg battlefield. 

3'2.i. — Design for Spana-ler"s Spring. 

o2(3. — Plot of land conveyed to the United States by George Spangler, on which is 
erected First Maryland, Battery A. monument. 

327.— Perspective and detail drawing of Spangler's Spring. 

328, — Plot of land conveyed by Nathaniel Lightner to the United States of America, 
on wliich is erected First New York, Battery M. monument. 

329. — Guard rail on retaining wall along south slope of Sykes avenue. 

330. — Guard rail for retaining wall, north slope of Little Round Top. 

331. — Property of Jacob Masonheimer. 

332. — Seat of observation tower. 

333. — Map showing where Gen. Daniel E. Sickles was wounded July 2, 1863. 

334. — Plot of land conveyed by Samuel Bushman to the United States of America. 

33.'). — Bridge over Crawford avenue on Plum Run. 

336. — Plot of property conveyed by Samuel O. Robinson to the United States. 

337. — Plot of property of Jacob Masonheimer conveyed, through Samuel O. Rob- 
inson, to the United States of America. 

338. — Field of Longstreefs assault. C-3. 

339. — Plan of cellar drain at Dougherty's house. 

340. — Width of tires on wagons used for tourists within the Gettysburg National 
IMilitary Park. 

341. — United States ])roperty and land included within the Sickles bill. 

342.— Property of heirs of Abraham Trostle on the Gettysburg battlefield. 

343. — Hitching rail and posts. 

344.— Drainpipe on avenue. 

34.J. — Pipe wall, catch- basin, and gutter paving. 

346. — Gate to be used in the Gettysburg National Park. 

347. — Plan of water cart. 

348. — Land companj's land. 

349. — Tract of land belonging to Calvin Gilbert on Barlow's Knoll. 

350. — Plot of land belonging to land and improvement company on which to erect 
Reynolds statue. 

3.51. — Plot of tracts of land belonging to heirs of J. Bender. 

352. — Plan of Howard avenue. 

353. — Plan of Reynolds avenue, section 1. 

354. — Plan of Reynolds avenue, section 2. 

355. — Map showing obstruction placed in Brooke avenue, Gettysburg battlefield, 
by the Gettysburg Transit Company. 

356. — Plot of land belongmg to heirs of J. Bender on Barlow's Knoll. 

357. — Plan of path to summit of Big Round Top. 

35«.— West Gettysburg, B-3. 



ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK 
COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1899. 



Gettysburg, Pa., October 2, 1899. 
Sir: The Gettysburg" National Park Commission respectfully sub- 
mit the following report of the progress and condition of their work, 
with suggestions as to what they think needful for its successful 
prosecution : 

MILITARY AVENUES. 

Since the last report an avenue along the battle lines of the First 
Army Corps on the field of the first day's battle has been constructed. 
It is about a mile and two-thirds long, 20 feet wide, and made on the 
Telford plan, in the most substantial manner. The main section is 
called Reynolds avenue, but, with the approval of the Secretary of 
War, three minor sections have been named, resfpectively, Wadsworth, 
D(nibleday, and Robinson avenues. 

The two parts of Sickles avenue, which were previously discon- 
nected, have been united by constructing an avenue, 1,100 feet in 
length, along what is known as the Wheatfield road, which, being a 
public highway at the time when Sickles avenue was made, could not 
then be occupied and improved as a battlefield avenue, as was like- 
wise the case with all the public roads within the park. This diffi- 
culty has since been obviated by an act of the Pennsj^lvania legislature 
ceding jurisdiction of all such roads to the United States, and the act 
of Congress authorizing the Secretary of War to improve such of them 
as in his discretion might be deemed needful. Sickles avenue is now 
continuous and follows, as nearly as the contour of the ground will 
permit, the entire line of the Third Army Corps from the Emmittsburg 
road near the Rogers House to the Devil's Den. 

There is also being constructed, and now nearly completed, an ave- 
nue one-half mile in length, from Spanglers spring around the south- 
western slope and base of Culps Hill, along the line on which the 
Union forces formed on the morning of July 3 for the struggle to 
recover their works occupied by the Confederates the previous evening. 

The proceedings begun by us three years ago, by direction of the 
Secretary of War, in the circuit court of the United States for the 
eastern district of Pennsylvania to acquire, by condemnation, five 
tracts of land on Seminary Ridge, and embracing 2 miles of the Con- 
federate battle lines of the second and third days, is not yet con- 
cluded. The jury of view made their award two and a half years ago. 
The respondents apjiealed to court in term, where, after much delaj' 
caused by them, it was tried, and a '.erdict rendered last December 
very liberal for them. They availed themselves of the six months 
allowed for appeal and then carried the case to the United States 
circuit court of appeals. This court is now sitting in Philadelphia, 

37 



38 C4ETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 

and respondents' counsel seek further delay by continuance to next 
tevni. 

One of the five respondents has withdrawn from the contest, 
accepted the liberal sum (-^3,4:20) awarded by the jury, and conveyed 
to the United States the tract of land in controversy belonging? to him. 
We trust the case will soon be concluded, and that we nuiy be enabled 
to complete the avenue along the Confederate line on Seminar}" Ridge. 
Both ends of it have long been built, and the comi:)letion of the i-mile 
gap in tlie center will open up one of the most interesting parts of this 
field, now almost inaccessible, that part froni, which the Confederate 
column of the third da^' moved out on its brilliant, though unsuc- 
cessful, charge. 

A number of other avenues should be constructed, among them one 
along the Confederate battle line on the northeast side of Culj)s Hill; 
another from between the Round Tops to Plum Run Valley and 
Devil's Den ; another along the line of Wright's division, from between 
the Round Tox)s southeastward ly across the Taneytown road; another 
along Mie line of the Twentieth Elaine, on Vincent's spur of Little 
Round Top; another along liuford's cavalry line; and others con- 
necting the cavalry fields, both south and east of Gettysburg, with 
the infantry battlefield. In some of these cases it will be necessary 
to acquire land at reasonable prices, the owners being private citizens 
and not speculating corporations. The land purchased this year in 
different parcels is lO-t.SO acres, costing *11,747. 

A striking proof of the great and general interest felt by the people 
with reference to this battlefield, and of the importance of making all 
parts of it easily accessible by good avenues, appears in this fact, 
stated by our engineer — that having caused a record to be kept by the 
guards it was found that about 1>,00(» vehicles, carrying 30, QUO tourists, 
passed over the Hancock avenue in a single month. 

MARKING POSITIONS OF TROOPS AND BATTERIES. 

The positions of batteries lielonging to the regular Union and Con- 
federate armies are marked usually by two guns to each battery of the 
same class and caliber as those which constituted the batter}-, and also 
by iron tablets, supported by iron pillars deeply planted in the ground 
and bearing appropriate inscriptions, the letters of which are cast with 
the tablet. The guns are mounted upon substantial iron gun car- 
riages set upon granite blocks. A number of these have been put in 
position this year and mounted with guns to mark both Union and 
Confederate batteries. The commission have, up to this date, mounted 
in this manner 207 guns. 

The positions of the United States Regulars and of the Confederate 
troops are and will be marked by iron tablets similar to those above 
described and with suitable inscriptions. Such tablets have already 
been erected to all Confederate brigades whose lines are on the ground 
to which the United States has title, and as soon as the Government 
shall acquire the necessary lands all tlie other brigades will be simi- 
larly marked. We propose also putting up ap]iropriate tablets to each 
Confederate regiment, and are taking steps to do this as rapidly as 
practicable; likewise memorials of suitable dignity to the Confederate 
divisions and army corps. 

The positions of the Union Regulars have all been accurately deter- 
mined, suitable inscriptions prepared for each command, and the 
tablets have been contracted for and will soon be completed and 
erected. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 39 

The number of tablets erected this 3'ear to batteries and to infantry 
and cavaby commands, Union and Confederate, is 65, and the whole 
number of such erected by the commission to date is 91. The fore- 
going method of marking positions on this field has been adopted, and 
is being carried out Avith the approval of the Secretary* of Wa'". 

MONUMENTS. 

The equestrian statue of General Reynolds was unveiled on the 1st 
day of July with appropriate ceremonies. 

A monument to the Fourteentli Vermont Regiment Avas recently 
erected by the veterans of the.regiment on Hancock avenue, south of 
the Vermont Brigade monument. 

A monument to the Thirteenth Vermont Regiment is now ])eiug 
erected just north of the brigade monument. 

Sentiments of the Veterans. 

ANNUAL reunion OF THE UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS, CHARLESTON, S. C. , 

HAY 10-13. 1899. 

The following preamble and resolutions were unanimously reported by the com- 
mittee and unanimously adopted by the veterans: 

"Whereas the Government of the United States has undertaken and is pushing 
forward the work of permanently marking the lines and positions of the troops of 
both the contending armies on several great battlefields of the civil war. among 
them Gettysburg, Chickamauga, Shiloh, V'icksburg, and others, with the design 
of making these battlfields permanent memorials of the prowess of American 
soldiers without respect of section: 

'^ Resolved, That we. as Confederate veterans, sympathize with and commend this 
patriotic purpose of the Government, and will lend our infiuence and aid toward 
its full realization. 

''Resolved, That we trust the people of the Southern States will take early and 
effective steps to erect upon these battlefields suitable monuments in honor of our 
glorious heroes in gray who fought and died for what the" believed to be right." 

I certify that the above and foregoing resolutions were unanimously passed at 
the Charleston. S. C, reunion on May 1^, is'jy, and the above is a true copy from 
the minutes of the same. . j_ ^ Gordon, 

General Commanding. 
Geo. Moorman, 
Adjutant-Gene )xtl and Chief of Staff . 

PREAMBLE AND RESOLUTIONS UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-THIRD NA- 
TIONAL ENCAMPMENT OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, HELD IN THE 
CITY OF PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER (i AND 7, 1S99. 

Whereas the first efforts ever made to preserve and fully mark a battlefield were 
begun in lS(i3, immediately after the battle of Gettysburg, to preserve the features 
of that field and to mark the i)ositions and movements of the troops engaged; this 
was done by loyal hearts and willing hands at a cost of over §2,000,000. and with- 
out any help from Congress: and 

Whereas all this property was transferred to the General Government in 1895 
free of cost, and in view of the liberal contributions l)y States, by societies, and by 
individuals, there should be more liberal appropriations on the part of Congress to 
complete this work on the field where the greatest battle of the war was fought — 
one of the greatest battles of modern times: Therefore. 

Resolved, That we earnestly commend the Gettysburg National Military Park 
Commission in its work of acquiring lands of historical interest, of constructing 
avenues along lines of battle otherwise inaccessible, in restoring and preserving 
the original features of the field, and in marking with tablets and monuments the 
positions and movements of troops, so that the history of the battle will practically 
be written on the field i and 

Resolved, That we ask Congress to make liberal appropriations to enable the 
commissioners to acquire the necessary lands and complete at an early day the 
work provided for by the act creating the park. 

Albert D. Shaw, 

Commander in Chief. 
Thomas J. Stewart, 

Adjutant-General. 



40 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSI N. 

PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTIETH ANNUAL, REUNION OF THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY 
OF THE POTOMAC, HELD AT PITTSBURG, PA., OCTOBER 11 AND 13, 18f)9, 

[Extract from minutes.] 

The followinu: resohition was unanimously adopted: 

The Society of tlie Ai-niy of the Potomac desires to express to the Secretary of 
War its high appreciation of the work performed under the direction of his 
Department on the battlefield of Gettysburg, and to commend the commission, 
Col. John P. Nicholson. Maj. Charles A. Richardson, and Maj. William M. Rob- 
bins, for the intelligence and faithfulness with which they have accomplished the 
indication and preservation of the lines of battle, especial praise being due the 
commission for the character and quality of the avenues and the skill with which 
the system has been plotted, making communication with all parts of the field 
possible and satisfactory. The society also asks that the continued support and 
aid of the Gfovernuient be generously continued to the commission, that they may 
be enabled to complete the undertaking consistently with its beginning, and so 
make the national memorial at Gettysburg worthy the fame and the importance 
of the greatest battlefield of the great war. 

D. McM. Gregg, 

President. 
Horatio C. King, 

Secretary. 

The commission are o^ratified to observe the deep interest thus mani- 
fested by the veterans of both armies in tlie great work which we are 
pusliing forward as rapidly as possible, and we trust that Congress will 
respond to the praiseworthy sentiment of the veterans by suitable 
appropriations commensurate with the magnitude and importance of 
the work. 

We will not encumber this report l)y going into further details or 
attempting to specify the many minor expenses necessarily incident 
to the accomplishment of so important a design as the establishment 
of this national military park. Though j^et incomplete, this is already 
the best marked battlefield in the w^orld, and all who come to see it 
are surprised and delighted. 

While the commission could judiciously and economically use in 
pushing this work during the next year a much larger sum, they 
earnestly recommend that not less than 1100,000 be appropriated. 

John P. Nicholson, 
Wm. M. Robbins, 
Charles A; Richardson, 

CoDtmissioners. 

The Secretary of AVar. 



list of photographs accompanying report, showing SOME OF THE DETAILS 
OF THE WORK DURING THE YEAR. 

L — Shell, stones, and chain. Barlow's Knoll. 

3. — Howard avenue, looking west. 

3. — View of tower of Doubleday and Robinson avenues and hitching rail. 

4. — Wadsworth avenue, looking west. 

5. — From intersection of Wadsworth and Reynolds avenues, showing style of 
tablets adopted for avenues. 

6. — Reynolds avenue, looking south from Reynolds Grove. 

7. — Piked roadway through Reynolds Grove. 

8. — Menchy's Spring, foot of East Cemetery Hill. 

9. — Geary avenue on Culp's Hill, near Spangler's Spring, showing foundation 

and shoulder stones. 
10.— Geary avenue along ravine in front of One hundred and forty-seventh Penn- 
sylvania monument. 
11. — Geary avenue from near Spangler's Spring. 
13.— Geary avenue from intersection with Slocum avenue. 



GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 41 

13. — Section Kinzie's Battery L, Fifth United States. 

14.— Ri.gg's Battery F, Fourth United States, and Kinzie's Battery K, Fifth 

United States, 
lo,— Section Tatt's Fifth New York (Evergreen Cemetery). 
IG. — Dilger's Battery I, First Oliio (National Cemetery). 
IT. — Bancroft's Battery G, Fourth United States (National Cemetery). 
IS. — Eakin's Battery H, Fourth United States (National Cemetery). 
19.— Hiirs Battery C. First West Virginia (National Cemetery i. 
20.— McCartney's Battery A, First Massachusetts (National Cemetery). 
21.— Hall's Second Maine Battery. 
22. — Edgell's First New Hampiiliire Battery. 
2o. — Breastworks in Patterson tield east of Hancock avenue. 
24.— Stone wall rebuilt on Sedgwick avenue. 
25. — VVheatfield road connecting Sickles avenue. 
2(3. — Patli to summit of Big Round Top from avenue, 
27. — Path near summit of Big Round Top. 

28. — Path near summit of Big Round Top, looking toward base of hill. 
29. — Vista near summit of Big Round Top, showing the Spliinx. 
30. — Law's Brigade tablet, section 5, Confederate avenue. 
31. — ^Taylor's and Parker's Battery, section 4, Confederate avenue. 
32.— Carlton's Battery, section 4, Confederate avenue. 

LIST OP BLUE PRINTS ACCOMPANYING REPORT, SHOWING SOJIE OF THE DETAILS 
OF THE WORK DURING THE YEAR. 

3o9. —Stonework for Menchy's Spring. 

360. — Tract belonging to Henry Osborn. 

3r)2. — Tract belonging to Alex. Little. 

3Go. — A monument to mark Camp Letterman. 

3G4. — A monument to mark headquarters Fifth Army Corps. 

363. — Property of heirs of Abraham Trostle. 

36G. — Camping ground for Second West Virginia Regiment. 

367.- -Map of Stevens Knoll. 

3.)S. — Map of avenues and roads. 

3G9. — Position of chain and balls on Barlow's Knoll. 

370.— Map showing tracts exchanged between William Patterson and Simon J. 

Codori. 
371.— Corps badges. 
372.— Drain pipe on Howard avenue. 
373. — Plot of Fourteenth Connecticut Regiment. 
374. — Cast-iron tablet and stand. 
37o.— Corps badges. 

376. — Land and Improvement Company's land. 
377. — Drain pipe near Bryan House. 

878. — Map showing road around Twenty-eighth Massachusetts monument. 
379.— Map showing road around Twenty-eighth Massachusetts monument. 
380. — Grand Army badges. 
381.— Grand Army badges. 

38'^. — Plan for piked roadway through Reynolds Grove. 
383. — Orchard on Trostle farm. 
384.— Plan of avenue along south base, Culp s Hill. 
38o.- Property of L. Trostle. 
386. — Plan of ground around Reynolds statue. 
387.— Plan of steps on Little Round Top. 
;]8^). — Property of Samuel M. Bushman. 
3;;0. — Plan of addition to stable. 

391.— Cross section showing plan for surfacing avenue. 
392.— Avenue from Sykes to Crawford avenue. 
393. — Design for division tablet. 
394. — South Emmitsburg road. 
39.3.— Powers Hill. 
396.— East Gettysburg. 
397.— Map showing line of proposed avenue through Culp's property. 

689a 4 

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^ *^«iif^*^ 





TOWER, CONFEDERATE AVENUE, SECTION 4. 




TOWER AND KNAP'S BATTERY, BATTERY E, PENNSYLVANIA LIGHT ARTILLERY, 
SUMMIT OF GULP S HILL. 



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